The term of novel now refers to any extended narrative fiction in prose. The word novel is derived from the Italian Novella, a compact prose tale somewhat longer than a short story. It chief purpose is usually to entertain, but it may also help readers to understand life and the history of mankind. The novel can also help to make a reader a more understanding person, and more tolerate and more sympathetic toward suffering (Encyclopedia of Knowledge, volume 13. 1993, 401).
Novel is one of popular form of literature in which fictional depictions of life in events are described in writing prose in modern usage. Novel can be distinguished from other forms of fiction as long written, fictional, prose narrative, which are usually in format book. There are many people have laid down their work in the world literature. The result these the term of gentle that is the particular type of novel, poem art or music (Evans, 1957: 574)
Abrams (in Djasi: 2000: 24) states that “the term novel is now applied to a great variety of writing that has in common only the attribute of being extended work of prose fiction”.
Anonymous (stated):
“Novel is the early modern book market created a demand for elegant written literary words, this field included, poetry and popular history in the modern languages, and was perceived as occupying a position between the realm of the sciences and that of lower popular books, and style was paramount. The essential features of what is today perceived the romances and novel of the 17th century as well as the productions of memories set the fashions verse and rhetoric could hardly compete with fiction, the rules in fields limited, the room for experiment prose fiction was by contrast close to everyday language, to the private letter, to the art refined “gallant” conversation.”
Novel is a story which describes the events of human life at the certain time. Abrams (in Djasi: 2000: 24) states that “the term novel is now applied to a great variety of writing that have in common only the attribute of being extended work of prose fiction”.
A large bookstore or library has a great array of novels from which to choose. There is formula fiction: romances, spy novels, western, mystery and detective stories, gothic, and science fiction. The term formula fiction can be used because within each type the story lines proceed in a familiar way, and the kinds o characters tend to be similar. In a mystery, for example, a crime is committed, suspects are questioned, clues are gathered, and a brilliant detective solves the case at the end. Other kinds of novels do not fall easily into a formula. Among them are the historical novel, novel of place, the psychological novel, novels about growing up and education, epistolary novels (in which the story is told through an exchange of letters), the roman a clef (which requires a “key”, or supplementary information, for fuller understanding), the cult novel, proletarian novel, and the anti novels.
The historical novel refers to range in quality from the lowest-grade fiction to the most outstanding literary works. For a writer of little ability, history offers casts of characters and ready-made plots. All the author need to embellish them and tell a lively story to keep the reader interested. History may even be revised a bit to suit a purpose. This level of historical novel has its parallel in motion picture extravaganzas based on ancient Rome or early Christianity-movies such as Cleopatra or the Robe. A novel of place often contains a great deal of history, but its purpose is to enlighten the reader about the place.
Psychological novel, it refers to stories in which the primary focus is on the workings of the mind in the leading character or characters. This type, the first and one of the greatest is Cervantes’ Don Quixote. Few books dealt so well with mental aberration and later reflections on it. Novel about growing up, it refers to a book that has a special appeal to a particular audience. The book uses words that contained about great humor, and some pathos, to tell the reader story of an American adolescent growing up in an adult society after war II. Epistolary novel, the term epistolary describes novels that are written as an exchange of letters. The decline of letter writing in the 20th century resulted in a decline of this kind of novel. Roman a clef, the French term roman a clef loosely translated means “a novel that needs a key to unlock it”. For a full understanding of such novels it is necessary for the reader to know something of the events or characters that inspired it, though this information may not be provided by the book itself. The outstanding modern example is George Orwell’s Animal Farm (1945). Behind this novel is the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the savagery it unleashed. If the reader does not understand this, all that is recognized is a peculiar little novel about farm animals that rebel against their owners and undertake the operation of a farm themselves. The largest roman a clef ever written was James Joyce’s Finnegans Wake, also one of the most difficult novels to read.
A cult novel is a book that has become a commercial success with a specific audience. The books of Salinger, Golding, and Hesse have already been mentioned because of the regard that high school and collage students have had for them. Cult novels need not appeal only to students. Proletarian novel, it refers to novels that depict the lives of the lower classes and working people in vivid and realistic terms are called proletarian novels. Proletariat was originally a French word signifying the lowest economic and social class in a community. The antinovel, anti- means “instead of,” not “against.” The anti novel is a French invention. Writers who use this type insist that traditional novels make the world appear false by their use of plot and character in much the same way as viewers of television soap operas know that they are not observing plausible real-life situations. Anti-novelists shy away from plot and character, emphasizing instead the minute details of life and the world.
In addition, novel may be developed from non-fiction, letter, journal, memory, and history. In other words, they are develop from document that tend to have large and deep reality, the element that continues
In short, novel is part of story that the author could be making the reader is not just enjoy and interesting it what they read about its content. But the author should be make the reader could be taking some wisdom of the stories.
Bibliography
Koesnosoebroto, Soenaryono B. 1988. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta: Departement Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi, Proyek Pengembangan Lembaga Pendidikan Tenaga Kependidikan.
Wikipedia. 2010. Literature, (online), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/literature. Accessed on Saturday, April 19th 2010.
Wikipedia. 2010. Literature, (online), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portrait/literary. Accessed on Sunday, Mei 14th 2010.
Wikipedia. 2010. Novel, (online), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novel. Accessed on Monday, October 24th 2010.
Wikipedia. 2010. Literature, (online), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/literature. Accessed on Saturday, April 19th 2010.
Wikipedia. 2010. Literature, (online), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portrait/literary. Accessed on Sunday, Mei 14th 2010.
Wikipedia. 2010. Novel, (online), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novel. Accessed on Monday, October 24th 2010.
Note: analysis of the novel from some references of book and internet
0 Komentar untuk "What is Novel?"